Windows wsl2 开发环境搭建

发布于 8/12/2021, 1:02:55 PM

开启 wsl 与安装 Ubuntu {#prepare}

详见官方文档，最好是 windows pro 专业版，linux 发行版直接从应用商店安装即可

shell 配置 {#shell-config}

在应用商店下载 Windows Terminal 界面现代化。顺便安利一波 PowerToys，微软开源的 windows 效率工具合集软件。

安装 zsh

# 安装 zsh
sudo apt-get install zsh

# 修改默认的 Shell 为 zsh
chsh -s /bin/zsh

安装 oh-my-zsh

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

安装历史记录建议插件zsh-autosuggestions

# Clone this repository into $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins (by default ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins)
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions

# Add the plugin to the list of plugins for Oh My Zsh to load (inside ~/.zshrc):
plugins=(
        git
        zsh-autosuggestions
        )

# 配置生效
source ~/.zshrc

安装语法高亮插件zsh-syntax-highlighting

# Clone this repository in oh-my-zsh's plugins directory:
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting

# Activate the plugin in ~/.zshrc:
plugins=(
        git
        zsh-syntax-highlighting
        zsh-autosuggestions
        )

# 配置生效
source ~/.zshrc

安装 spaceship 主题

git clone https://github.com/spaceship-prompt/spaceship-prompt.git "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship-prompt" --depth=1
# Symlink spaceship.zsh-theme to your oh-my-zsh custom themes directory:
ln -s "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship-prompt/spaceship.zsh-theme" "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship.zsh-theme"

然后再 .zshrc 中设置 ZSH_THEME="spaceship"

命令行代理配置 {#proxy-config}

在 Windows host 上开启了代理服务，如何在 wsl 上也能使用？在 ~/set_proxy建一个 shell 脚本，内容如下：

#!/bin/zsh
# 获取 windows host 的ip
hostip=$(ipconfig.exe | grep 'vEthernet (WSL)' -A4 | cut -d":" -f 2 | tail -n1 | sed -e 's/\s*//g')

wslip=$(hostname -I | awk '{print $1}')
port=10080
socks5_port=10081

PROXY_HTTP="http://${hostip}:${port}"
PROXY_SOCKS5="socks5://${hostip}:${socks5_port}"

set_proxy(){
  export http_proxy="${PROXY_HTTP}"
  export HTTP_PROXY="${PROXY_HTTP}"

  export https_proxy="${PROXY_HTTP}"
  export HTTPS_proxy="${PROXY_HTTP}"

  export all_proxy="${PROXY_SOCKS5}"
  export ALL_PROXY="${PROXY_SOCKS5}"
}

unset_proxy(){
  unset http_proxy
  unset HTTP_PROXY
  unset https_proxy
  unset HTTPS_PROXY
  unset all_proxy
  unset ALL_PROXY
}

test_setting(){
  echo "Host ip:" ${hostip}
  echo "WSL ip:" ${wslip}
  echo "Current proxy:" $https_proxy
}

if [ "$1" = "set" ]
then
  set_proxy

elif [ "$1" = "unset" ]
then
  unset_proxy

elif [ "$1" = "test" ]
then
  test_setting
else
  echo "Unsupported arguments."
fi

# 添加代理
# git config --global http.proxy "${PROXY_HTTP}"
# git config --global https.proxy "${PROXY_HTTP}"

# 移除代理
# git config --global --unset http.proxy
# git config --global --unset https.proxy

然后需要修改文件权限

# 更改为可执行脚本
chmod u+x ./set_proxy

# 然后在 ~/.zshrc 中添加
alias proxy="source ~/set_proxy"
. ~/set_proxy set

# 然后运行
source ~/.zshrc
# 即可在命令行中使用 proxy 来设置、取消、print 代理设置

使用 Clash for Windows 如何配置 wsl2 代理 {#cfw-wsl2-proxy}

首选不需要上面提到的 set_proxy 脚本。感谢这个帖子和回复

开启 mixin
开启 Tap Device
在 cfw 的设置里，编辑 profile mixin

mixin:
  dns:
    enable: true
    enhanced-mode: redir-host
    listen: 0.0.0.0:53
    nameserver:
      - 8.8.8.8
      - 114.114.114.114

如果一切顺利，测试一下 ip 地址：

➜ curl myip.ipip.net
当前 IP：128.1.134.153  来自于：中国 香港   zenlayer.com

如果失败了，查看一下这个文件的内容，应该是这样的

➜ cat /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8

如果不是，那再看一下这个文件的 generateResolvConf 字段，设置为 false，重启一下 wsl2 试试

➜ cat /etc/wsl.conf
[network]
generateResolvConf = false

常见问题 {#faq}